PSA, or Prostate-Specific Antigen, is a blood test that measures the concentration of a protein produced by the prostate gland cells. The levels of PSA typically elevate with both age and the size of the prostate gland.
The kit contains everything you need to collect blood and send it to our laboratory for analysis. Inside, you'll find lancets, instructions, lab request form, labels, tube, tube pouch, prepaid UN3373 envelope, tube holder, swabs, alcohol wipes and plasters. No need to go to the post office; simply drop off your sample in the nearest red letterbox.
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While PSA serves as a reliable marker for prostate-related issues, it lacks specificity for prostate cancer exclusively. Elevated PSA levels may also signal conditions such as prostate enlargement, prostatitis, or urinary tract infections. Hence, the following points need to be taken into consideration:
PSA is not a definitive test for prostate cancer, as elevated levels can also be seen in non-cancerous conditions such as benign prostatic enlargement. A raised PSA does not always indicate cancer, and in some cases may lead to further investigations, including prostate biopsy, even when no cancer is present.
Conversely, a normal PSA level does not completely exclude prostate cancer, as false-negative results can occur. For this reason, PSA results should always be interpreted alongside symptoms and clinical findings.
If you experience symptoms such as difficulty passing urine, frequent urination at night, or a sensation of incomplete bladder emptying, it is important to speak to a doctor, even if your PSA result is within the normal range.
The American Cancer Society recommends digital rectal examination (DRE) as the primary test for detecting prostate tumours. Recent studies suggest that serum PSA testing can provide additional information. Therefore, PSA should be used alongside DRE.
Ultimate Prostate Check (PSA) Blood Test – FAQ
What is PSA?
PSA (prostate-specific antigen) is a protein produced by the prostate. Raised PSA levels can indicate prostate cancer, but they can also be caused by benign conditions such as prostate enlargement, infections, or inflammation.
What does the test measure?
The test measures both total PSA and free PSA. The ratio of free to total PSA helps your doctor assess your risk of prostate cancer more accurately.
Who should consider PSA testing?
Men over 50, or over 45 if of Black ethnicity, and those with a family history of prostate cancer may benefit from regular testing. Lifestyle factors like poor diet and obesity can also increase risk.
Can I collect my sample at home?
Yes. Our home kit includes everything you need, including a pre-paid return envelope. Your sample is analyzed in a lab, and results are available online with professional guidance.
Are instant or rapid home tests reliable?
Instant or rapid home tests, sometimes referred to as self-tests, are small cartridge-based tests similar to pregnancy tests. They require a small drop of blood and provide a result using lines or colour changes. The sample is not analysed in a laboratory.
These tests may offer a general indication but are less accurate than laboratory-based testing and results can be difficult to interpret. They should not be used as a substitute for a laboratory PSA test or clinical assessment.
Do I need to fast before the test?
Fasting is not required. However, it’s best to avoid heavy meals 8-10 hours before the test, as high-fat meals can make the blood sample lipemic (cloudy), which may affect test accuracy.
Do I need to prepare for the test?
Yes. Avoid ejaculation for at least 48 hours before testing. PSA can also be temporarily raised by a recent urinary tract infection, prostatitis, or a digital rectal exam.
What is considered a normal PSA level?
Normal PSA levels vary by age:
- 40–49: >2.5 ng/ml
- 50–59: >3.5 ng/ml
- 60–69: >4.5 ng/ml
- 70+: >6.5 ng/ml
What does a raised PSA mean?
A high PSA does not automatically indicate cancer. Your doctor may repeat the test or recommend further investigations, such as a biopsy, before any diagnosis.
Can PSA detect cancer early?
Yes. PSA testing can help detect prostate cancer before symptoms develop, including fast-growing cancers, making early treatment more effective.
What symptoms should prompt me to see a doctor?
Even if your PSA is normal, see a doctor if you experience difficulty urinating, frequent night-time urination, weak flow, or a feeling of incomplete bladder emptying.
How can I reduce my risk of prostate cancer?
While some risk factors, like age and genetics, can’t be changed, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and staying active may help reduce your overall risk.
